At some point along the historic preservation movement’s journey from its “founder” Ann Pamela Cunningham’s Mt.Vernon Ladies Association to today, the movement has created silos. Silos relegate public history as a different field than historic preservation. Yet, it is the stories of the people who have used or inhabited structures, that transform a house into a home or an industrial site into a factory.
Architecture is an art form, but as historic preservationists we can at times focus too much on the design. The preservation structures created as a part of the National Historic Preservation Act (1966), such as the National Register of Historic Places and the Secretary of the Interiors Standards led to the development of a framework that can be limiting. Our constructs have led to trainings that have developed a strong understanding of architecture styles, the evolution of form, and the designers (not all building designers have been registered architects).
Reflecting on a Demolition:
The Shoreline Apartments (1974) in Buffalo, NY, were designed by acclaimed architect Paul Rudolph. This 142 unit complex provided a low-income housing opportunity for people to live in the heart of the city. I can easily find information about Paul Rudolph and the design itself, but I struggle to find information about who lived there. Who lived in this complex? What did they do? What did they think of the design? How did the design function for individuals and families who lived there?
There are so many people who turned these apartments into homes, but when I look for answers online - aside from learning about John Schmidt, the last resident of the Shoreline Apartments (evicted 01/2018), when I am looking to learn more about the residents, what I find is information about the architect, the design, maintenance issues*, and some background on Buffalo’s “urban renewal” efforts.
As we continue to advocate for the value of historic preservation, we must reflect on how the movement began, what the constructs leave out, our self imposed silos, and our efforts today. Academic programs (and other trainings) in preservation are encouraging practitioners to look at places through a more equitable lens and to go beyond the design, but there are limitations based on the existing frameworks. Not everyone will connect to a structure's design (or its creator) and not everyone will connect to the history of a structures inhabitants (or users), but to increase preservation’s accessibility, we need to tell both stories. Public history and historic preservation are not separate fields.
To learn more about the Shoreline Apartments:
“The Last Man Standing in a Doomed Buffalo Housing Complex” by Mark Bynes
Paul Rudolph Heritage Foundation
** I want more information on these maintenance issues - what led to decline in this complex? Is this a Pruitt-Igoe situation? Did people move out because the complex was poorly maintained or was it poorly maintained and that caused people to move out? I am sure at least some of the locals could answer these questions, even if the answers aren’t online.